Biochar is charcoal made in very low oxygen conditions to produce stable carbon that can improve soil, retain moisture, & provide a place for fungal, bacterial and other soil organisms to colonise.
Biochar has become popular since the recognition that the fertile Terra Prata soils of the Amazon basin are probably man made using charcoal and human waste.
In June 2016 we made charcoal from waste wood in a simple 'retort' made from a 40 gallon drum. We intend to crush the charcoal and add it to compost as a soil improver, and see what happens!